从国家创新系统角度看集群的创新作用——以德国为例

The Innovative Functions of Industrial Clusters within National Innovation System

产业集群是集中在特定区域的跨行业企业和相关支持机构的知识交换和分享网络,异质和互补的企业围绕着价值链的新组合成为创新的源泉。在此认识基础上,本文对德国的产业集群以及政府的促进政策进行了考察,分析了集群与国家或区域创新系统的相关性以及促进政策在创造集群成长的框架条件以及纠正系统失灵方面的作用。

An industrial cluster is a network of knowledge exchanging and sharing between the intersectoral firms and supporting institutions located in a given region.The interconnection between and combination of those heterogeneous and complementary enterprises centering around the same value chain becomes the main sources for innovation.Based on this assumption,this paper examines the case of the industrial clusters in Germany and analyses the interrelationships between the industrial clusters and national or regional innovation systems.A special emphasis is put on the roles of the cluster policies of both the federal and state governments as facilitators and framework setters as well as on their effects on amending system failures.