人工髁突假体在颞下颌关节重建中的临床应用

CLINICAL APPLICATION OF ARTIFICIAL CONDYLAR PROCESS FOR RECONSTRUCTING TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT

目的探讨人工髁突假体应用于颞下颌关节重建的可行性及临床治疗效果。方法 2005年1月-2010年1月,对10例(11侧)患者应用人工髁突假体行颞下颌关节重建手术。男7例,女3例;年龄40～68岁,平均50岁。左侧7侧,右侧4侧。下颌骨肿瘤7例,病程9～24个月,平均15个月。双侧髁突囊内骨折3例,其中交通事故伤2例,高处坠落伤1例;伤后至入院时间分别为2、3、2 d;骨折按照Neff等的分类法:M型及A型1例,M型及B型1例,余1例一侧为M型,一侧为髁突下骨折。结果术后切口均Ⅰ期愈合,无相关并发症发生。患者均获随访,随访时间1～4年,面部对称,咬关系良好;张口度22～38 mm,平均30 mm。双侧颞下颌关节无弹响及疼痛,肿瘤无复发。一侧人工髁突假体就位角度稍差,其余人工髁突假体位置良好,与关节窝和关节结节的关系正常,能正常饮食。结论人工髁突假体应用于肿瘤术后颞下颌关节重建,效果良好;应用于髁突囊内骨折的治疗,其临床效果待进一步验证。

Objective To assess the feasibility and clinical outcomes of artificial condylar process in reconstruction of the temporomandibular joint. Methods Between January 2005 and January 2010, the reconstructions of the temporomandibular joints with artificial condylar process were performed in 10 cases （11 sides, including 7 left sides and 4 right sides）. There were 7 males and 3 females with an average age of 50 years （range, 40-68 years）. Mandibular condyle defects were caused by mandible tumor in 7 patients with a mean disease duration of 15 months （range, 9-24 months） and by bilateral condylar fractures in 3 patients with the disease duration of 2, 3, and 2 days respectively. According to Neff classification, there were type M and A in 1 case, type M and B in 1 case, and type M in one side and subcondylar fracture in the other side in 1 case. Results Incisions in all patients healed by first intention, and no complication occurred. M1 cases were followed up 1 to 4 years, showed facial symmetry and good occluding relation, and the mouth opening was 22-38 mm （mean, 30 ram）. No temporomandibular joint clicking or pain and no recurrence of tumor were observed. Most of the artificial condylar process were in good position except 1 deviated from the correct angle slightly. All the patients could have diet normally. Conclusion The results of temporomandibular joint reconstruction after tumor resection with artificial condylar process are good, but the clinical outcome for intracapsular condylar fracture is expected to be further verified.