基于活塞形状改变的空气弹簧特性仿真研究

Simulation of Stiffness Character of Diaphragm Air Spring Based on Change Piston Contour

研究汽车装用空气弹簧刚度优化问题,活塞形状对膜式空气弹簧刚度特性的影响较大。为了提高整车的平顺性能,建立空气弹簧简化模型,得到圆台和倒圆台活塞形状下空气弹簧的有效承载半径影响因素。利用ABAQUS软件建立安装圆柱、圆台和倒圆台活塞的空气弹簧有限元模型进行,研究了不同圆台角下圆台活塞空气弹簧的刚度特性。仿真结果表明,在一定范围内,圆台角度越大,空气弹簧刚度也越大,证明与理论分析吻合,并对空气弹簧的设计和匹配具有一定的指导意义。

To study the influence on the stiffness character of diaphragm air spring caused by piston contour, the paper obtained the effective bearing radius of air springs which mount cone shape piston and reverse cone shape piston by analyzing simplified models of air spring, and analyzed their influencing factors, so as to discuss its impact on the trend of their stiffness characteristics. Finite element models of air spring with columned piston, cone shape piston, and reverse cone shape piston were established by using ABAQUS software, their stiffness curves were obtained by simulation, and the law of impact on the stiffness character of air spring caused by piston contour was gained through comparative analysis. For further analysis, the stiffness character of air spring with cone shape piston of different an- gles was studied. Simulation results show that, within a certain range, the larger the round table angle, the greater the stiffness of air spring. The results show that the simulation results coincide with theoretical analysis, and it has certain significance to the design and match of air spring.