儿童过敏性疾病变应原特异性IgE及其与肺炎支原体感染相关性分析

Analysis of Specific Allergens IgE and the Relationship with Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection in Allergic Disease Children

目的探究儿童过敏性疾病中特异性变应原分布及规律,与肺炎支原体感染的相关性,指导临床防治。方法采用酶联免疫法对199例武汉地区过敏性疾病儿童进行吸入性和食入性变应原的血清学检测。间接免疫荧光法对肺炎支原体(MP)感染进行检测。结果 199例患儿中吸入性变应原阳性97例(48.7%)。年龄≥3岁组高于年龄<3岁组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其中尘、粉螨83例(41.7%)最高;食入性变应原阳性70例(35.2%),按年龄分组差异无统计学意义,以鱼、虾、蟹27例(13.6%)最多。秋季入院率(69例,34.7%)最高,夏季入院率相对最低。吸入性变应原阳性与肺炎支原体感染有统计学相关性(P<0.05)。结论过敏性疾病中吸入性变应原为主且阳性率随年龄增长而增加。尘、粉螨及鱼、虾、蟹为主要变应原,秋冬春季为过敏性疾病好发季节,肺炎支原体感染与过敏性疾病有关。

Objective To explore the distribution of main inhalational and alimentary allergens which trigger children allergic disease, and the relationship between mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and allergy. Methods Serum specific allergens IgE in 199 children in Wuhan with allergic disease children were detected with ELISA and indirect immunofluorescence including inhalational alimentary allergens and mycoplasma pneumoniae infection. Results The total positive rate of inhalational allergens of patients was 48.7% （97/199）. The positive rate of aspiration allergens increased with the patient＇s age and showed a positive correlation（ P 〈 0.05 ）. The highest rate was dust mite 41.7% （83 cases）. The positive rate of food allergens was 35.2% （70/199）. Among them, the highest rate were fish, shrimp and crab 13.6% （27 cases）. The positive rate of alimentary allergens had no significant difference in the two age different group. Autumn was the highest occurrence seasons while summer was the lowest. The positive rate of inbalational allergens and the mycoplasma pneumoni- ae infection had a positive correlation（ P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Inhalational allergens are the main allergens in children with allergic disease, which increased with patient＇s age. Dust mite, fish, shrimp and crab were the main allergens. Autumn, winter, spring were the high occurrence seasons. The positive rate of inhalational allergens and the allergic diseases had a positive correlation.