山葵叶片、叶柄混合物的润肠通便作用及其功效物质的初步研究

Preliminary study on the functional elements in the mixture of wasabi leaf and leaf stalk and its catharsis effect

目的:探讨山葵(Wasabi Japonica)叶、叶柄混合物的润肠通便作用及其相关的功效物质,为进一步开发利用这一山葵种植中的副产品作为医药用途提供依据。方法:将新鲜山葵叶、叶柄采用冷冻干燥,粉碎后获得叶、叶柄混合物,通过酶-重量法测定了其总膳食纤维、可溶性膳食纤维(Soluble dietary fibre,SDF)与不溶性膳食纤维(Insoluble dietary fibre,IDF),并将其通过水解除去异硫氰酸盐、除去水溶性成分等。分别研究了山葵叶、叶柄混合物干粉(样品1)、除去异硫氰酸盐后(样品2)、除去水溶性成分后(样品3)等的润肠通便功效(包括小肠功能试验、首次排黑便时间、6 h排便粒数与6 h排便总量)。结果:叶、叶柄混合物冻干粉中总膳食纤维量为92.3 g/kg、SDF含量为48.2 g/kg,IDF含量为44.1 g/kg。SDF/IDF比值为1.1。在润肠通便功效方面,通过动物便秘模型的实验表明,上述3种样品可促进小肠运动、缩短首次排便时间、增加6 h排便粒数与6 h排便总量等,且3组样品相互间比较,其差异具有显著性(P<0.01或P<0.05)。结论:山葵叶与叶柄混合物中膳食纤维含量偏高且SDF较多;山葵叶与叶柄混合物对复方地酚诺酯模型便秘动物有润肠通便作用;其润肠通便作用相关的功效物质多样包括异硫氰酸盐以及存在于其水溶性成分、水不溶性成分中的物质成分等。

Objective：To explore catharsis effect and its efficiency matter in the mixture of leaf and leaf stalk in wasabi,and to provide basaes for development and utilization leaf and leaf stalk in wasabi that is by-product in wasabi planting as pharmaceutical application.Methods：The mixture of dried powder of wasabi leaf and leaf stalk was obtained by freeze-drying and crushing fresh leaves and leaf stalks.With enzymatic-gravimetric method,total dietary fibre,soluble dietary fibre（SDF） and insoluble dietary fibre（IDF） in mixture of dried powder are determined.Isothiocyanates in mixture of dried powder was removed by adding water and incubating in 37℃ overnight.The matters soluble in water were removed by adding water,incubating in 37℃ overnight,centrifugation in 5 000 r/min×10 min and precipitation.The effect were tested in moistening intestines and freeing the stool in mice（advancing movement of small intestine,the time of first black feces excretion,the numbers of feces in 6 h and the weight of feces in 6 h）.The above samples included the mixture of dried powder of wasabi leaf and leaf stalk,that free of isothiocyanates and that free of water-soluble elements.Results：The total dietary fibre in mixture of dried powder of wasabi leaf and leaf stalk was 92.3 g/kg,soluble dietary fibre（SDF） was 48.2 g/kg,insoluble dietary fibre（IDF） was 44.1 g/kg and ratio of SDF and IDF is 1.1.As for the effect in moistening the intestines and freeing the stool,the above three samples（mixture of dried powder of wasabi leaf and leaf stalk,that free of isothiocyanates,and that free of water-soluble elements） had effect in enhancing small intestine movility,shortening the first time of cacation,increasing the amount of feces pellets in 6 h and total quantity of feces in 6 h.The comparison between the three samples in 3 groups showed significantly different（P0.05）.Conclusion：The total content of and soluble dietary fibre（SDF） in mixture of dried powder of wasabi leaf and leaf stalk is slightly high;it has effect in moistening the intestines and freeing stool for model animals by compound diphenoxylate,and the related function materials are isothiocyanates,water-soluble and-insoluble matters.