湖南瓦乡人肤纹学参数分析

A dermatoglyphic study on Waxiang people in Hunan

目的：研究湖南瓦乡人的肤纹参数。方法：在知情同意的原则下，捺印瓦乡人手纹，在捺印的手纹图上观察分析指纹频率和指纹总嵴数，以及掌纹的指间纹、手大鱼际纹与小鱼际纹、猿线频率和指三叉a-b间嵴线数、轴三角atd角度与t百分距。并用Mega2软件绘制聚类图，分析瓦乡人与其他群体肤纹特征的相似性。结果：湖南瓦乡人指纹的观察频率弓型纹为2．63％，尺型纹为49．04％，斗型纹为48．33％，且3种指纹频率性别差异均无统计学意义；指纹总嵴数均值为123．61±32．40，且右手高于左手；指三叉a-b间嵴线数、轴三角atd角度与t百分距均值分别为35．92±4．93、42．84±5．40和18．88±6．93，均无明显的性别与手侧差异；手掌大鱼际及指问纹频率较低。湖南瓦乡人肤纹特征与四川土家族最相似。结论：左、右手同名指花纹对应组合多于期望值，表明同类花纹有亲和性或相容性。本研究丰富了湖南瓦乡人生物学研究资料，为其人类学、遗传学和医学研究提供了较完整的肤纹学数据。

Objective： To explore the dermatoglyphic parameter of Waxiang people in Hunan province. Methods： We took the fingerprints and palmar prints of 134 males and 147 females of Waxiang people with informed consent, and obtained total finger ridge count （TFRC）, digital a and b total ridge count （a-bRC）, atd angle （atd）, percent distance of axial triradius （tPD）, fingerprint, hand interdigital, hand thenar and hypothenar, simian line, etc. And the clustering dendrogram of the dermatoglyphics on Wangxian people and other 12 populations was drawn with Mega2 software. Results： The percents of arch （A）, loop （L） and whorl （W） were 2. 63%, 49.04% and 48. 33% of the finger prints on Waxiang people, respectively. And there were no significant sexual differences on the percents of fingerprints among A, L and W. Means of TFRC was 123.61±32. 40, and that of the right hand was higher than that in the left hand. Means of a-bRC, atd angle and tPD were 35. 92±4. 93, 42. 84±5. 40 and 18. 88±6.93, respectively. And there were no significant sexual and handside differences among 3 indexes. The percents of thenar patterns and interdigital patterns were lower. In summary, the dermatoglyphic fea- tures of Waxiang people were most similar to that of Tujia nationality in Sichuan. Conclusion： The corresponding fingers of the left and right hand show that the same type combined be more often than expected and be compatible or affinity. And this report enrich the data of biological research on Waxiang people, and the dermatoglyphic database will be useful for fu- ture studies in anthropology, genetics and medicine.