DXA在儿科的应用进展

The application progress of DXA in pediatrics

DXA作为测量骨密度的金标准在儿科领域广泛应用,但这种快速的发展导致技术上的错误和对结果的误读也相应增加。许多儿科骨密度学方面的问题在成人骨密度学中并不涉及或涉及很少。儿童的骨骼的大小甚至形状在不断发生变化,骨龄、性成熟情况、骨骼发育程度都影响对骨密度的判读。测量儿童骨密度的软件对密度的设定必须低于成人才能检测到骨骼边缘。成人的参考数据并不适用于儿童骨密度,而且不能单纯根据骨量或骨密度结果对任何程度的低骨量或骨密度做出诊断。本文就DXA在儿科的应用情况进行综述。

DXA as a golden standard for measurement of bone mineral density has been widely used in pediatrics. However, this rapidity of growth leads to increase of technical mistake and misinterpretation of the result. There are many issues in pediatric bone densitometry that are not or little concerned in adult bone densitometry. The pediatric skeleton is constantly changing in terms of size and even shape. Many factors, such as bone age, sexual maturation stage, and skeleton growth stage, can affect the misunderstanding of BMD. The software for the measurement of pediatric BMD has to set lower BMD index than adult in order to detect the margin of the bone. The reference data for adult cannot be appropriate for pediatric BMD. The diagnosis of any degree of low bone mass or density should not be made on the basis of the mass or density measurement alone. This paper reviews the application of DXA in pediatrics.