摘要
现代汉语副词"刚"由形容词"刚"虚化而来,形容词"刚"自隋代通过语法位置的改变变为副词,并由方式副词"硬"演变为语气副词"偏偏;"元代出现"勉强"义,此义常与数量结构连用,又逐渐发展为量小义,而后由事物量小隐喻为时间量小,最终发展为近过去时的"刚刚"义。"量小"义、"勉强"义和"近过去时"义三者间的联系由不同语言词汇所证实。限定副词,应区分"排他"义和"量小"义,语言事实支持这种区分,区分后才能更清晰地解释相关义项间的语义关系。
In modem Chinese language, adverb ＂刚＂ comes from adjective ＂刚＂ that in the Dynasty of the Sui was changed into adverb due to the shift of its grammatical position and transformed from adverb of manner ＂stiff＂ to modal adverb ＂unluckily＂; the meaning of ＂grudgingly＂ emerged in the period and it was always used with quantitative structure and gradually referred to ＂slightly＂ in amount, and then indicated short period, finally developed to ＂just＂ of past tense. The connection of the meanings of ＂slightly＂, ＂grudgingly＂ and ＂just＂ have been proven in different vocabularies. Determinative adverb should be distinguished by ＂exclusive＂ and ＂slight＂ explications, which is supported by language fact, and after the differentiation, we can explain the sematic relation clearly between related items.
出处
《学术交流》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第1期145-148,共4页
Academic Exchange
基金
大庆市局级资助项目"认知理论与时间副词的语义限制研究"(YR013)
关键词
时间副词
“刚”
量小义
排他义
time adverb
＂刚＂
slightly in amount
exclusively in meaning
