城市生活垃圾填埋初期有机质演化规律研究

Study on organic matter evolution during the early few years of landfill of municipal solid wastes

为阐明生活垃圾填埋初期有机质演化规律,于填埋场打井采集填埋1～3年3个不同时期垃圾样品,用水浸提制备水溶性有机物(DOM)。采用红外光谱、同步荧光光谱及紫外光谱,对浸提液中DOM的结构和演化特征进行了研究。结果显示,生活垃圾中含有脂肪类、蛋白类、糖类及木质素类物质,在填埋初期,有机质中的脂肪类、蛋白质类、糖类及木质素类物质均发生了降解,羧基、氨类及水溶性芳香结构物质减少,DOM分子量降低。研究结果表明,垃圾填埋初期有机质以降解为主。

For the purpose of demonstrating organic matter evolution during the early few years of landfill of municipal solid wastes（MSW）,three waste samples were collected from landfill by welling,and dissolved organic matters（DOM） were extracted from the samples obtained.Fourier transform infrared,synchronous-scan excitation fluorescence,and UV-Vis spectra were applied to analyze the composition and evolution of DOM.The results showed that aliphatic,proteins,carbohydrates and lignin were found in municipal solid wastes,and they all were biodegraded during the early years of landfill.In addition,a decrease in carboxyl groups and amides and a reduction in water-extractable aromatic compounds and molecule weight of DOM occurred during the landfill process of MSW.Therefore,it can be concluded that the main transformation during the early years of landfill of MSW was biodegradation of organic matter.