授权管理模式下临床护士的心理授权状况探讨

Study of the nurses＇ psychological authority status under authorization management

目的在授权管理模式基础上了解目前护理人员心理授权状态，以期分析授权管理的有效性。方法对364名临床护士采用心理授权量表进行调查，用描述性统计方法与方差分析法对调查结果进行分析。结果临床护士心理授权平均得分为（3．22±0．70）分，整体处于中等状态，4个维度得分由高到低分别为自我效能、工作意义、自主性和工作影响；不同年龄、不同职称、不同工作时段、不同婚姻状况的临床护士的心理授权感知存在差异；不同学历的临床护士心理授权及各维度得分之间比较无显著差异。结论护理管理者不应仅注重授权行为本身，更要关注临床护士心理授权状况；采用有效激励手段，从心理上提高她们对授权的认知和体验；激发其工作积极性，进而促进护理工作的创新和拓展。

Objective To acknowledge the psychological authority status under the foundation of autho- rization management, in order to analyze the effectiveness of authorization management. Methods 364 clin- ical nurses were investigated with Psychological Empowerment Scale and the results were performed statistic analysis through descriptive statistical method and variance analysis. Results The average score of clinical nurses was（3.22＋0.70）, which was at the moderate point. The four dimensional scores listed in descending or- der were self efficient, career significance, autonomy and job influence. Clinical nurses of different ages, different ranking, different working period, different marriage status had statistical outstanding variance. But nurses of different education background showed no significant difference in score of each dimension. Conclusions The nursing management shall not only focus on the authorization management it- self, but also on the psychological authority status of clinical nurses. Through an efficacious incentive, we can enhance the psychological recognition and experience on authorization and activate the working motivation, maximize the working initiative and thus promote the innovation and expansion of nursing work.