从《南征日记》看雍乾之际“新疆六厅”的社会现状

On the Social Status in the Reign of "Six Offices of the New Territory" During Yongzheng and Qianlong Period Through Southern Expedition Diary

云贵总督鄂尔泰在其"苗患甚于土司"这一错误判断为前提的《改土归流疏》为雍正皇帝批准后,即以铁血政策"开辟"尚处于原始社会末期的黔东南"苗疆",设置"新疆六厅"。六厅苗民在官兵的无尽勒索、欺凌下,以"苗王出世"相号召,掀起雍乾时期苗民大起义。朝廷急调相邻4省官军入黔合力镇压。援黔湘军统领李椅手写之《南征日记》,纪录了此时段内所作、所见、所闻,留下其时"苗疆六厅"苗族社会诸多翔实而珍贵的资料。

Governor of Yunnan and Guizhou Eertai proposed Measure of Bureaucratization of Native Officers on the premise of a wrong judgement that ＂the trouble of Miao nationality is more serious than hereditary headmen. ＂ After getting the ratification of Emperor Yong Zheng, he adopted the principle of blood and iron to ＂explore＂ the ＂Miao Territory＂ of Southeast Guizhou which was still in the late primi- tive society,Miao people in the reign of Six Offices started a great revolt during Yong Zheng and Qian Long periods, rallied in the name of ＂the Birth of Miao King＂. The government deployed armies of the neighboring four provinces to Guizhou to suppress the revolt. The handwritten Southern Expedition Diary by Li Yishou, command of Hunan reinforcements to Guizhou, records what he did,saw, and heard dur- ing this period , leaving many full, accurate, and valuable data about Miao society in the reign of＂Six Offices of Miao Territory＂.