谈谈国富与民富、先富与共富的一些问题

On Some Issues of "Rich Country" and "Rich People","Getting Rich First" and "Common Prosperity"

本文认为,把"国富"与"民富"对立和并提是缺乏科学依据的,"国富"与"民富"之间并非完全互相排斥,而是矛盾统一的关系。就"国富"来说,经过改革开放,我国的经济实力也就是"国富"大大增强,但人均GDP不是很高,不能说国家已经很富;就"民富"来说,国民有富有穷,不能一概而论。我国从未明确宣布或实行过所谓"国富优先"的政策,倒是明确宣布并实行了"让一部分人先富起来"的政策。只是多年的实践证明,"让一部分人先富"的目标在很短的历史时期内迅速完成,而"先富带后富,实现共同富裕"的目标却迟迟没有自动实现。文章指出,当前我国收入分配领域最核心的问题不是"国富"与"民富"的矛盾,而是贫富差距急剧扩大与两极分化趋势日益明显的矛盾。克服和扭转贫富差距扩大和两极分化的趋势,不是将"国富优先"转变为"民富优先",而是要明确宣布"让一部分人先富起来"的政策已经完成任务,将之转变为逐步"实现共同富裕"的政策,完成"先富"向"共富"的过渡;要从所有制结构,从强化公有经济为主体、国有经济为主导着手加以解决,只要保持公有制和按劳分配为主体,贫富差距就不会发展到两极分化的程度,从而最终向共同富裕的目标前进。

The author believes that the arguments of ＂rich country＂ and ＂rich people＂ are not mutually exclusive,but with the relationship of contradiction and uniform.Concerning the argument of ＂rich country＂,the GDP per capita is still not high;and we can not say that China is a rich country.Concerning the argument of ＂rich people＂,some of our nationals are rich,but some of them are very poor;we can not tread different people as the same.The author puts forward that,at present,the core issue in China＇s income distribution is the increasingly widening gap between rich and poor.In order to overcome and reverse the widening gap between rich and poor,we should declare that we will gradually transform from the policy of ＂letting some people to get rich first＂ to ＂realizing common prosperity＂;we should start with strengthening the position of stated-owed economy;only with the help of taking the state-owned economy and distribution according to work as the main body,will not the gap between rich and poor develop to polarization,and we can go ahead along the path to common prosperity.