美国高校竞技体育经费来源基本结构分析

An Analysis of the Basic Structure of Athletic Fund Sources in US Universities and Colleges

通过文献资料法和比较法,对美国大学生体育联合会不同层级高校竞技体育经费来源基本结构进行分析。结果显示:美国只有少数高校竞技体育经费来源为自身创收,而大部分高校主要是学校拨款;学校的层级及其橄榄球队与男子篮球队的竞技水平,是决定美国高校竞技体育创收能力的关键因素;学校拨款对美国高校竞技体育发展具有极其重要的支撑作用。

With the methods of literature review and comparison, the paper studies the basic structure of athletic fund sources of universities and colleges at different levels in National College Athletic Association （NCAA）. The study shows that the universities in US whose funds for athletics mainly come from generated revenue are only a small part, while majority depends on institution allocated funds. The level of a university in the US, the performance of its football team and men＇ s basketball team are key to its ability of generating athletic revenue, and institution allocated funds always give athletics a strong support in US universities and colleges.