从教会事业走向国家事业——英格兰民众教育发展的历史路径探析

From Church's cause to State's cause:on the historical path of the popular education in England

英格兰民众教育是随着英格兰教堂的产生而萌芽的。大致可以分为三个阶段,即作为教会事业的阶段、作为慈善事业的阶段和走向国家事业的阶段。历经近1200年的实践,英格兰人认识到"教育和培养"是国家的一件大事,英格兰民众教育最终走向国家事业,具体表现在颁布工厂法、建立教育管理的专门机构等5个方面。英格兰民众教育的发展对现代英国国民教育制度的建立做出了重要的贡献,也孕育了19世纪英格兰民众教育思想。

English popular education sprouted together with the emerging of the churches in England. The development choud be divided into three stages ： the first one as the cause of the Church, the second one as the philanthropic cause , and the third one in which popular education went forward the State＇ s cause. Having practiced popular education for nearly 1200 years, English people realized that education and upbringing was very important for the state, therefore, the English population education at last was becoming the state＇ s cause. People could see the trend from 5 marks. The development of popular education made great contributions to the foundation of the modern educational system in UK, and also gave birth to the English ideas of popular education in 19 century .