朱熹《中庸章句·哀公问政》的为政以诚思想——兼与《礼记正义·中庸》比较

On the Concept of Government through Sincerity advocated by Zhu Xi in his Textual Study of the Doctrines of the Golden Mean: The Duke of Ai Discusses Government

朱熹《中庸章句·哀公问政》实为郑玄、孔颖达《礼记正义·中庸》上篇第十四至十七章和下篇第十八至二十章的合并。这一合并用"诚"予以连贯,以"诚"为枢纽,蕴含了朱熹的为政以诚思想。《中庸章句·哀公问政》以"真实无妄"释"诚",从天道与人道统一的层面来界定"诚",认为"诚"要比"五达道"、"三达德"以及"九经"之法更为根本,体现了比"为政以德"更进一步的为政以诚思想。这一思想在中国政治哲学史上具有重要的地位。

Zhu Xi＇s Textual Study of the Doctrines of the Golden Mean： The Duke of Ai Discusses Government is in fact a combination of Chapters 14 - 17 of Part I and Chapters 18 - 20 of Part Ⅱ of Interpreting the Book of Rites： The Golden Mean written by Zheng Xuan and Kong Yingda. Throughout this combination is the central theme of ＂sincerity＂ highlighting Zhu Xi＇ s philosophy of government through sincerity. He defines ＂sincerity＂ as ＂truthfulness＂ from the perspective of Heaven＇ s Way and Human Way, asserting that ＂sincerity＂ is more fundamental than the approach explicated by ＂The Five Moral Principles＂, ＂The Three Virtues＂, or ＂The Nine Confucian Classics＂. This paper argues that his concept of government through sincerity is more progressive than the concept of ＂government through virtue＂, and that this concept holds a significant place in the history of Chinese political philosophy.