基于景观可达性的城市绿地系统承载力估算

Estimation of carrying capacity of urban green space system based on landscape accessibility

选取佛山市顺德区中心城区为研究样区,以景观可达性分析为基础,评价了城市绿地系统的生态服务功能等级服务范围,并结合街区人口密度估算绿地系统服务人口和承载力。结果表明:研究区城市绿地类型和斑块布局不均匀,绿地主要分布在中西部,而东部和北部较少;根据不同绿地类型的生态服务功能差异,采用费用加权距离法将研究区绿地系统服务范围划分为Ⅰ～Ⅴ级服务区,综合反映出绿地系统的空间可达性和生态服务功能差异;绿地系统服务人口大部分处于Ⅰ～Ⅲ级服务区内。基于人均绿地面积标准推算适宜的人口密度,并与绿地系统服务人口比较表明,研究区绿地系统服务人口已超过绿地承载能力。

Taking the urban central area of Shunde District, Foshan City in Guangdong Province of South China as a case, and based on landscape accessibility analysis, the ecological service function grading ranges of urban green space system was estimated, and, in considering of block population density, the current service population and carrying capacity of urban green space system were also calculated. In the study area, the urban green space types and patch distribution were not homogeneous. Green space was mainly distributed in the middle and west, but less in the densely populated area of east and north. According to the differences in the ecological service function of different green space types, and by using cost weighted distance method, the green space service zone was divided into five grades, which comprehensively reflected the differences in spatial accessibility and the ecological service function of green space system.A majority of the current service population of urban green space system was mainly distributed in the areas of grades Ⅰto Ⅲ. The calculation of the appropriate population density of the study area based on the per capita green area standard showed that, compared with the service population of urban green space system, the current service population density of the urban green space system in the study area already exceeded the carrying capacity of the green space system.