村民自治的发展路径与走向——河南省中牟县白沙镇村治经验及其启示

The Path and Trend of Villager Self-government: Experience and Enlightenment of the Self-government in Baisha Village of Zhongmu County, Henan Province

河南省中牟县白沙镇村治实践的特点是:第一,注重村民能力建设,找准农村民主权利主体建设的突破口;第二,注重对乡土传统文化资源的整合利用,把村民自治的发育成长建立在农村社会现实之上;第三,注重"培育引导",理顺乡镇政权在村民自治运行中的角色和作用;第四,注重制度创新,为非权力精英提供制度化参与村民自治的平台。白沙镇的村民自治实践对于村民自治的未来发展给予了很大的启示。未来的村民自治的发展方向应是由制度民主转向日常民主,具体来说:第一,从选举民主到治理民主:村民自治的内涵得到了深化;第二,从制度建设到能力建设:村民自治重心的转换;第三,从个体参与到组织化参与:村民自治良性运行的关键。

the features of self--government in Baisha Village： Firstly, stress on the construction of villagers＇ capability, and find out the breakthrough of rural democratic right construction. Secondly, stress on the integration and application of local traditional culture resource, and establish the development of villager self--government on the reality of rural sociality. Thirdly, stress on ＂cultivation and guidance＂, and rationalize the role of township government in the movement of villager self --government. Fourthly, stress on the system innovation, and supply non--elite with the platform in the villager self-- government. The movement of Baisha villager self--government gives a great enlightenment to think about the development of villager self- government in the future. The trend of villager self- government is from systematic democracy to daily democracy, which is demonstrated in details as follows： Firstly, the transition from election democracy to government democracy deepens the intension of villager self--government. Secondly, the transition from system construction to capability construction realizes the transfer of the work＇ s focus. Thirdly, transition from individual participation to group participation is the key of sound operation of villager self--government.