茭草(Zizania latifolia)在不同人工湿地中的生长适应性

Growth adaptabilities of Zizania latifolia in different artificial wetlands

茭草是太湖流域河、湖水陆交错带及低洼沼泽中普遍生长的挺水植物,其生长条件在当地挺水植物中具有代表性.根据该流域河道水陆交错带的现状与挺水植物生长特性,针对性地设计了置入式生态滤床、生物氧化池、潜流表面流复合人工湿地和水平潜流人工湿地4种不同生境条件,研究茭草的生长适应性,为建立与恢复退化的河道水陆交错带植被群落提供科学依据和技术支持.结果表明,茭草能够适应不同生长环境,在沸石基质和水培环境中均能正常生长;不同环境条件下其生长速度和繁茂程度存在差异.

Zizania latifolia mainly grows in the land/inland water ecotones of river channels and lowland swamps of Lake Taihu Basin. Its growth condition is representative in this area. Four different environment conditions such as implanted ecological filter bed, biological oxidation pond, subsurface flow and surface flow integrated artificial wetland and horizontal subsurface flow artificial wetland have been designed based on the status of land/inland water ecotones of river channels. The growth adaptabilities of Z. lat- ifolia in different environments were studied so as to provide a scientific evidence and technical support for establishment and resto- ration of the degraded vegetation communities of land/inland water ecotones of river channels. The results showed that Z. latifolia was able to adapt to different growth environments such as zeolite matrix and hydroponics ; the growth rate and luxuriance degree differed among substrates.