价值论美学对认识论美学的挑战

Challenges Against Epistemological Aesthetics from Axiological Aesthetics

对于美的理解,大致有认识论美学和价值论美学两种路径。价值论美学是对认识论美学的挑战。与将美认识论化的倾向不同,价值论美学主张美是客体相对于主体的一种审美价值属性。价值论美学主张美是主客体关系的统一,认为审美价值是人类在长期的主客体审美活动当中确立起来的事物属性之一,作为主客体统一论美学,价值论美学是一种相对论美学,只有在确定的审美关系、审美活动、审美实践当中,审美价值属性才表现为有条件的客观性。价值论美学主张,审美价值并非是与功利价值、道德价值、宗教价值等其它价值完全割裂的,而是一个开放性的复合价值构造,它主张审美价值是一个开放的、融合了多方面要素的综合性价值构造,需要从具体的审美实践和艺术实践出发综合各方面要素来探讨审美价值。

There are two ways,which are epistemological aesthetics and axiological aesthetics,to understand beauty.Axiological aesthetics is a challenge to epistemological aesthetics.Different from the orientation of epistemological aesthetics,axiological aesthetics proposes that beauty is the aesthetic value attribute of objects relating to subjects,the unity of subjects and objects,and it considers that the aesthetic value is one of the attributes of the objects resulted from the long-term aesthetic activities between subjects and objects.As the aesthetics of the unification of subjects and objects,axiological aesthetics is a relativistic theory,only in the definite aesthetic relationships and aesthetic activities as well as aesthetic practices,aesthetic value attribute will appear its conditional objectivity.Aesthetic value is an open compound structure which is not separated from utilitarian value,moral value and religious value,and it should be discussed with specific aesthetic and artistic practices.