面神经损伤实验动物模型的自愈性研究

Self-recovery of facial nerve injury in the animal models

目的探讨卡压时间对面神经损伤实验兔模型自愈的影响。方法将日本大耳白兔20只分为空白组、卡压组、模型组(模型组分为术后3周和5周两时间点),对卡压组和模型组制作兔面神经压榨损伤模型。对受损面神经标本行醋酸铀及枸橼酸铅双色染色、HE染色,观察受损面神经的形态学改变。结果与空白组相比,卡压组、模型组3周和5周时神经束包膜不完整,神经纤维可见不同程度变性、水肿、脱髓鞘,轴突萎缩变细。模型组3周时和模型5周组髓鞘厚度分别为(1.099±0.245)mm、(1.294±0.220)mm,与空白组〔(1.597±0.212)mm〕比较均有统计学差异(P<0.05),卡压组髓鞘厚度〔(1.350±0.147)mm〕与模型3周组比较有统计学差异(P<0.05),与空白组及模型5周组相比无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论延长面神经卡压时间可以使模型动物在较长时间(5周内)不可自愈,为下一步客观评估针灸疗效奠定基础。

Objective To discuss the effect of compression time on self-healing in animal models of facial nerve injury.Methods Twenty Japan big-ear rabbits were randomly divided into the normal group,the compression group and the model group.The model group was subdivided into two groups with different time points： 3 and 5 weeks after modelling.The facial nerve injury was established by clamping on the right facial nerve in the latter two groups,and the morphologic changes of injured facial nerve were observed by the electron microscope stained with the uranyl acetate and lead citrate,and the light microscope with HE staining in different time points.Results In model groups on week 3,5 and the compress group,the structural integrity of facial nerve bundles were destroyed.Different degrees of edema in facial nerve fibers accompanying with inflammatory cell infiltration,demyelination and thinner axons,were observed in some fields.On week 3,5 in the model groups,the thickness of the myelin sheath were（1.099±0.245）mm,（1.294±0.220）mm,respectively,and both were thinner than the normal group[（1.597±0.212） mm]（P0.05）.There was no significant difference between the compress group[（1.350±0.147） mm] and the normal group or the model group on week 5 in the thickness of myelin sheath（P0.05,respectively）.There was significant difference between the compress group and the model group on week 3（P0.05）.Conclusions The extension of compression time in the facial nerve may lead to a prolonged recovery time（5 weeks）,which became the foundation for objectively evaluating the efficacy of the acupuncture treatment afterwards.