不同栽培类型、不同开放程度菊花中总黄酮和绿原酸含量研究

Comparative study on contents of total flavonoid,chlorogenic acid of different cultivars and flowers blossoming degree from Chrysanthemum morifolium

探讨菊花有效成分总黄酮和绿原酸含量与其栽培类型、花朵开放程度的关系,并对菊花内在质量进行评价。以总黄酮、绿原酸含量为检测指标,结合统计分析方法,对苏北中药材种植基地小黄菊、湖白菊、红心白菊和长瓣白菊4种栽培类型不同开放程度下(花蕾期、40%开、70%开和全展)菊花进行比较分析。4种栽培类型及4种花朵开放程度的菊花总黄酮含量分布在40～90mg.g-1之间;绿原酸的含量,除花蕾期和40%花朵开放期的湖白菊花中较低(接近2mg.g-1)外,其余3种栽培类型在4种开放程度下以及湖白菊在70%开放程度和全展花时的绿原酸含量均达到《中国药典》2005年版一部中规定的含量标准(≥2mg.g-1)。经综合评价分析,苏北菊花种植基地可推荐长瓣白菊和红心白菊为主种栽培类型,湖白菊和小黄菊作为备选栽培类型;长瓣白菊和红心白菊可选择40%花朵开放程度时采摘,湖白菊和小黄菊则可选择70%开放程度时开始采摘。

The contents of total fiavonoid and chlorogenic acid relationship with different cultivars and flowers blossoming degree were studied, and the internal quality of Chrysanthemum morifolium were assessed.Chemical constituents of 4 cultivars and 4 different flowers blossoming degree were compared by analysis of variance in two types of index.total fiavonoid and chlorogenic acid.The contents of total fiavonoid in 4 cultivars and 4 flowers blossoming degree were between 40mg·g-1; and 90mg·g-1.The contents of chlorogenic acid in 4 cultivars and 4 flowers blossoming degree went beyond the standard except the bud and flowers in 40% blossoming degree of ＂Hubaiju＂.From all the aspects, in the planting base of Northern Jiangsu province,the flowers in 40% blossoming degree of ＂Hongxinbaiju＂ and ＂Changbanbaiju＂ can be extended as major cultivars with good characters of superior quality, and the flowers in 70% blossoming degree of ＂Hubaiju＂ and ＂Xiaohuangju＂ also can be extended as secondary cultivars.