三峡库区血吸虫病健康教育效果评价

Evaluation on Health Education of Schistosomiasis in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area

目的了解和评价三峡库区血吸虫病健康教育的效果,为建立血吸虫病潜在流行区的防治模式提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层整群抽样的方法,从示范点与内、外对照点随机抽取居民进行问卷调查。用Epidata 3.0软件双人录入调查数据,运用SPSS 18.0软件统计分析各组间差异进而评价健康教育效果。结果问卷调查1 420名居民,问卷有效回收率为100%。统计分析结果显示,示范点内居民血防知识平均得分7.51±2.89分,明显高于内(2.52±2.97分)、外对照点(3.13±3.51分)的平均得分,其差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);居民血防知识及格率为78.15%,明显高于内(17.26%)、外对照点(32.16%),其差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论血吸虫病健康教育能有效提高居民的血吸虫病防治知识,对预防和控制血吸虫病在库区的潜在流行具有重要意义。

Objective To learn and evaluate the effect of health education of schistosomiasis in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, so as to provide scientific basis for establishing the comprehensive prevention and control model in po-tential epidemic area of schistosomiasis. Methods Through adopting the multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method, the questionnaires were distributed to residents selected randomly from the demonstration, inside and outside control areas. The survey data were input with EpiData 3.0 software by two reviewers, and the differences among groups were analyzed by using SPSS 18.0 software to further evaluate the effect of health education of schistosomiasis. Results All the questionnaires distributed to 1 420 residents were retrieved （100%）. The results of analysis showed that for the residents in the demonstration area, the average score of being aware of schistosomiasis prevention was （7.51＋2.89）, which was markedly higher than those in the inside （2.52＋2.97） and the outside （3.13＋3.5 l） control areas, with significant differences （P〈0.05）; and the passing rates were 78.15%, which was also obviously higher than those in the inside 07.26%） and the outside control areas （32.16%）, with significant differences （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The health education of schistosomiasis can improve residents＇ knowledge about schistosomiasis prevention, and it is very important to prevent and control the potential prevalence of schistosomiasis in the Three Gorges Area.