成年男性戒烟失败影响因素分析

Social-psychological factors on smoking cessation failure among adult males

目的探讨成年男性戒烟失败的影响因素。方法对四川省绵阳市1 012名男性社区居民进行烟草使用和戒烟等相关问题、社交性吸烟的态度问题、艾森克人格问卷和尼古丁耐量问卷(FTND)调查,采用SPSS 13.0软件进行单因素及多因素逻辑回归分析。结果单因素分析表明,戒烟成功组和戒烟失败组在吸烟者的年龄(t=4.9,P=0.000)、外倾人格分值(t=-2.850,P=0.005)、FNTD分值(t=-4.962,P=0.000)、戒烟次数(t=-4.252,P=0.000)以及社交性吸烟的行为和态度方面存在明显差异(P<0.05);控制混杂因素后的多因素逻辑回归分析显示,年龄(β=-0.131,OR=0.877)、习惯性吸烟的时间(β=0.086,OR=1.090)、FNTD分值(β=0.144,OR=1.115)、对香烟的的渴求(β=-1.906,OR=0.149)、戒烟时非常低落的情绪(β=1.392,OR=3.652)以及社交性吸烟行为(β=4.261,OR=70.850)是成年男性戒烟的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论外向的人格特质、较重的尼古丁依赖、吸烟同伴的影响以及个体戒烟时的消极情绪体验可能是导致个体戒烟失败的主要因素。

Objective To explore the risk factors of smoking cessation failure in adult smokers. Methods Totally 1 012 male smokers（ ≥125 years old） selected from 5 communities in Mianyang city, Sichuan province were investigated with a questionnaire on smoking behaviors, attitudes of social smoking and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire （EPQ）. The severity of nicotine dependence（ND） was assessed using FagerstrOm Test of Nicotine Dependence FTND）. Results The age of smokers （ t = 4. 9, P = 0. 000 ）, extroversion trait （ t = - 2. 850, P = 0. 005 ）, FTND score （ t = - 4. 962, P = 0. 000 ）, smoking quit times （ t = - 4. 252, P = 0. 000）, and attitudes and behaviors of social smoking （ P 〈 0. 05 ） in successful smok- ing cessation group were significant different from those of failed smoking cessation group. The results of multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that age （fl = - 0. 131, odds ratio [ OR ] = 0. 877 ）, years of smoking （β = 0. 086, OR = 1. 090） ,FTND score（β =0. 144,OR = 1. 115） ,craving of cigarettes（β = - 1. 906,OR =0. 149） ,black mood during smok- ing cessation period（β = 1. 392, OR = 3. 652）, and behaviors of social smoking（β = 4. 261, OR = 70. 850） were risk factors for smoking cessation（P 〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Extroversion trait, severe nicotine dependence,peer influence, and negative emotions may be the risk factors for smoking cessation failure among adult smoders.