基于Teager能量算子的滚动轴承故障诊断研究

Fault diagnosis of rolling element bearings based on Teager energy operator

周期性冲击是判断滚动轴承局部损伤故障的关键特征,如何提取周期性冲击及其重复频率是轴承故障诊断的关键。Teager能量算子能够估计产生信号所需的总机械能,对信号的瞬态变化具有良好的时间分辨率和自适应能力,在检测信号冲击特征方面具有独特优势。为了提取滚动轴承故障的特征频率,针对滚动轴承故障振动信号中的瞬态冲击特点,提出了基于Teager能量算子的频谱分析方法,利用Teager能量算子提取轴承故障引起的周期性冲击,通过瞬时Teager能量的Fourier频谱识别轴承的故障特征频率。分析了滚动轴承故障仿真信号和实验测试信号,并和包络谱方法进行了对比分析,准确诊断了滚动轴承元件故障,验证了该方法的有效性。

Periodic impulse is a key feature to diagnose faults of rolling element bearings,and extraction of periodic impulse and identification of its repeating frequency is an important issue.Teager energy operator tracks the source energy（total mechanical energy） generating a signal.It has a fine time resolution and a good adaptability to instantaneous changes in a signal,and thus has a unique advantage in detecting impulses in a signal.With regards to the impulse feature of faulty bearing vibration signals,a new method called Teager energy spectrum was proposed to identify the characteristic frequency of bearing faults.It used Teager energy operator to detect periodic impulse characteristic of bearing localized damage,and then identify the characteristic frequency of bearing faults by means of Fourier transformation of the instantaneous Teager energy.The effectiveness of the proposed method was validated with analyses of both a simulated faulty bearing vibration signal and the experimental data of bearing faults,and it was compared with envelope spectrum.