基于曝气生物滤池工艺处理老龄垃圾渗滤液

Mature Landfill Leachate Treatment with a Process Based on BAF

分别在小试和工业化规模上系统研究了基于曝气生物滤池(BAF)的工艺对老龄垃圾渗滤液的处理效果.在实验室中,对比传统生化处理工艺,BAF单元对COD的去除率提高了20%.将基于BAF的组合工艺(厌氧+BAF+膜生物反应器MBR+反渗透RO)应用于深圳某填埋场渗滤液处理,取得了较好的处理效果.BAF单元对COD、氨氮的去除率分别达到31%和94.2%.生物处理单元(包括BAF和MBR)对铜、锌的去除率达到70%以上,而对镍、铬、铅的去除率小于50%.RO膜对重金属的去除率均高于生物处理单元.该组合工艺既保证了生物降解的持续进行,又保证了RO膜的稳定运行.利用GC-MS对生物处理单元有机污染物成分进行了分析,并对其降解机理进行了初步探讨.

Treatment of mature landfill leachate with a process based on biological aerated filter （BAF） was assessed at both small scale and full scale experiments. Comparison was made in the laboratory between BAF and the conventional bio-treatment process. BAF was 20% more efficient than the conventional one in COD removal. A combined full-scale process based on BAF { anaerobic ＋ BAF ＋ membrane bioreactor（MBR） ＋ reverse osmosis（RO） } was employed to treat mature leachate from a landfill located in Shenzhen. The BAF unit removed COD and ammonia-nitrogen by 31% and 94.2%, respectively. The biotreatment part（ including BAF and MBR） contributes for above 70% removal of copper and zinc ions, and less than 50% of nickel, chrome and lead ions. The RO unit exhibits higher removal capacity for heavy metals than the biotreatment units. Using BAF and MBR as the RO pretreatment ensures the ongoing biodegradation of the pollutants and the prolonged performance of the RO membrane. Organic pollutants in influent,final effluent and in effluents from BAF and MBR were also analyzed to further understand the biodegradation mechanism of trace organic pollutants.