劳伦斯·费林格蒂与垮掉派运动——兼论垮掉派运动的文化意义

Lawrence Ferlinghetti and the Beat Movement——Also on the Cultural Significance of the Beat Movement

费林格蒂是垮掉派运动的中心人物之一,但其影响与作用在以往的研究中没能得到应有的重视。费氏缔造与传承了垮掉派文学经典,但又对垮掉派保持了批判立场,并因此超越了垮掉派。垮掉派运动不仅仅是一场先锋派文学运动,还是一场影响战后美国公共生活的意义重大的文化运动,它不但挑战了传统的文学体制、在主流文化之外开辟了新的文化空间,而且创造了活跃的知识分子公共生活,从而影响与形塑了整个都市文化。

Ferlingbetti was one of the core figures in the Beat movement, but his influence and role have not been given the due atten-tion academically. Ferlinghetti created and passed on the Beat literary canon. Meanwhile, with a critical stand toward the Beats, Fer-linghetti went beyond the Beats as an independent intellectual. The Beat movement＇ s influence was not only literary, but also cultural, in a way that it challenged the traditional literary institution, opened up a new cultural space outside the mainstream, and created an active intellectual public life, thus enriching the urban culture as a whole. In the above sense, the Beat movement was indeed a very important cultural movement with significant influence on the post - war American public life.