麦积区高考体检7000例屈光不正患病率统计分析

Prevalence analysis on 7000 examinees with refractive error in college entrance examination of Maiji district

目的:观察当前高中生人群中屈光不正发生的流行病学特点,总结其分布特征及相关对策。方法:对麦积区2011年应届高中毕业生及补习生7000例(14000只眼)进行屈光状态调查,分析其流行病学特征及影响因素。结果:双眼裸眼视力均≥5.0者共1050人,占总人数的15.00%;双眼中一眼裸眼视力<5.0者共415人,占总人数的5.93%;双眼裸眼视力均<5.0者共5535人,占总人数的79.07%。即屈光不正的发病率为85.00%,其中男性发病率为79.67%(2798/3512),女性发病率为90.37%(3152/3488),不同性别间患病率具有统计学差异(P<0.01);在屈光不正人群中,有家族史者共1172例,占总人数的19.70%(1172/5950),不同家族史人群的屈光不正发病率经比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:我区高中生人群中屈光不正的患病率较高,且女性患病率高于男性,有家族史者患病率高于无家族史者,这提示屈光不正的发生与长期伏案工作及遗传因素关系密切,需要引起重视。

Objective：To observe epidemiological characteristics of ametropia, refraction error in current high school students and to summarize its distributional characteristics and countermeasures. Methods： 14000 eyes （7000 cases of high school graduates） in 2001 year in Maiji region were performed refractive status examination in which epidemiological characteristics and influential factor were analysed. Results：The number of average binocular uncorrected visual acuity ≥ 5.0 was 1050（ 15.00%）in which average one eye uncorrected visual acuity〈5.0 was 415 （5.93%）, average binocular uncorrected visual acuity〈5.0 was 5535 （79.07%）.Incidence rate of refractive error was 85.00% in which incidence rate of refractive error in male was 79.67% （2798/3512） and in female was 90.37% （3152/3488）, and there was statistical significance in different gender （P〈0.01）. Conclusion： Incidence rate of refractive error is high in current high school students of Maiji region in which incidence rate of refractive error in female is high than in male, having family history is high than no family history. The result suggests that efractive error has much to do with working before the table for long time and hereditary factor,which should be taken attention.