烤烟新品种‘黔西1号’选育及配套栽培技术研究

Studies on the Techniques of Cultural Practice and Selection of the New Tobacco Variety of ‘Qianxi-1’

‘黔西1号’是从K326变异植株中选育出来的烤烟新品种,2005—2007年参加贵州省烤烟品种(系)区域和生产试验,2008年通过贵州省烤烟品种审评委员会农业评审,2009—2011年在黔西县推广种植。就‘黔西1号’的选育过程、植物学性状、农艺性状、CMV抗性、TMV抗性、黑胫病抗性、青枯病抗性、抗逆性、产量、均价、产值、上中等烟率、烟叶外观质量、化学成分、评吸鉴定、配套栽培技术和调制技术等进行研究。结果表明:‘黔西1号’大田烟株长势较强,抗气候斑点病、黑阱病,中抗赤星病、青枯病。平均单产为2193.75kg/hm2,均价为11.42元/kg,产值为25052元/hm2,上等烟率为27.1%。烟叶分层落黄,成熟好,容易烘烤,颜色以金黄为主,外观品质较好;内在化学成分较为协调,与对照K326相当;烟叶评吸略优于对照K326。总之,‘黔西1号’植物学性状和农艺性状较好、适应性和抗逆性较强,配套栽培技术和调制技术简单,容易掌握,是一个值得开发利用的地方新品种。

‘ Qianxi-1 ’ was a tobacco variety which was obtained from the variant plants of K326. It had passed by The Guizhou tobacco species approving officially the committee in 2008. It was tested to study the botany properties, economics properties, external quality, internal quality , cultural practice and so on, the results showed that： ‘ Qianxi-1 ’ grew uniformly and vigorously in field. It was resistant to weather spot/black shank, moderately resistant to brown spot/bacterial wilt. It had 2193.75 kg/hm 2 , 11.42 yuan/kg, 25052 yuan/hm 2 , superior leaves were 27.1%. The leaves of ‘ Qianxi-1 ’ featured full maturity and were easy to cure. The cured leaves were largely in gorden color, and high apparent quality. The contents of chemical components were appropriate, and the comprehensive evaluation of smoking was superior to K326. In short, ‘ Qianxi-1 ’ has good characters in botany and agronmy, strong resist, good adaptability, and it was easy to cultivate and flue dried.