泡沫灭火剂的发展与应用现状

Development and application status of foam extinguishing agent

对泡沫灭火剂的分类、灭火机理、各种灭火剂的优缺点和适用范围进行了归纳,介绍了泡沫灭火剂的研究进展和应用现状,并预测了发展方向。对于蛋白型泡沫灭火剂,由于它的环境友好性,应重新认识其重要性并进行深入的基础研究。对于水成膜泡沫灭火剂,介绍了《斯德哥尔摩公约》对全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)采取限制后可供选择的解决方案,例如着重发展齐聚法生产氟碳表面活性剂。能提高灭火性能的各种泡沫添加剂、压缩氮气泡沫灭火剂及七氟丙烷泡沫灭火剂等新型泡沫灭火剂也是国际研究热点。

The paper presents a review on foam extinguishing agent. The classification, mechanism of foam extinguishing agent, advantages and limitations with applicable scope of different agents are described briefly. The current status of the application of foam extinguishing agent is introduced. Because of its readily biodegradability and environmental benefits, protein foam agent is also an available choice in the alternative options of western countries. In terms of status of aqueous film-forming foams, according to the ＂Convention of Stockholm＂ which severely restricted the use of Perfluorooctane sulfonates （PFOS）, several alternative solutions are offered. For the A Class foam agent, fundamental researches have been conducted on the heat-insulating protection and fire extinguishing performance. New type of stabilizing additive has been invented to enhance extinguishing properties, by the use of alcohol resistant foam extinguishing agent. Compressed N2 foam extinguishing agent and heptafluoropro- pane foam agent have also been hot research topics.