全天空流星雷达相位差监测分析方法研究

Research on Observing and Analyzing Phase Differences of All-sky Meteor Radar

介绍了一种直接利用流星观测数据,根据流星的时空分布特性和天线的空间布阵关系建立数学模型,对全天空流星雷达各天线通道的相位差进行监测分析和估算的新方法.通过分析全天空流星雷达的流星观测数据,获得了流星时空分布特性,天线阵相位差变化对流星空间分布的影响,特别是流星高度分布的标准差特性与各天线相位差的关系.在此基础上,模拟研究了利用流星高度分布的标准差来估算天线相位差的偏差,并应用于中国三亚地区全天空流星雷达进行相位差监测分析和校正.结果表明,新方法无需任何附加硬件,通过日常观测数据就能对某一通道的相位差变化或多个通道的相位差变化进行估算和分析,相位差监测精度优于2°.对这些相位差变化进行校正,可有效提高全天空流星雷达对流星的定位测量精度.

A new method is developed on analyzing and estimating phase differences between each antenna of All-sky meteor radar by the mathematical model derived from the distribution of meteors and the antenna configuration. Using the observational data collected from the meteor radar, the temporal-spatial distribution properties of meteors and their effect upon the spatial distribution of meteors, especially the effect upon the variance properties of height distribution result from the phase difference variations of the antennas, are achieved. On this basis a simulation is created to estimate the phase difference variations by the variance of meteors＇ height distribution. Then this method is applied to analyze data collected from Sanya All-sky meteor radar. The results show that phase difference variations from one antenna or more are able to be estimated by analyzing the observational data without any additional hardware. And the accuracy is less than 2 degree. The calibration to the phase different variations can efficiently improve the measurement precision of the meteors＇ angles of arrival and the relevant data quality.