中国穿山甲体征及内脏器官解剖学观察

Observation of Signs and Internal Organs Anatomy of Manis pentadactyla

对中国穿山甲的体征及其内脏器官进行解剖和解剖学观察。结果表明:中国穿山甲体重(2.73±0.77)kg,体全长(805±74.61)mm,尾长(356±39.27)mm。身体狭长,头呈圆锥形,吻端尖,耳小,耳长(11±1.17)mm,无齿,舌细长可伸缩;尾扁平,背稍微隆起;头、颈、背、体侧、尾和四肢外侧均被以覆瓦状排列的角质鳞片,颜色随不同产地而呈黑褐色或浅棕色或两种颜色共存。鳞片间有硬毛;下颌、胸、腹、尾基部和四肢内侧无鳞而有稀毛。穿山甲肝脏不大,肝解毒功能弱,免疫系统弱,属于单室胃,胃中披着角质膜,胃腺部的黏膜处密布许多呈"S"型的皱襞,借吞食时吞进胃中的小砂石将食物磨碎。穿山甲肠管表面平滑,小肠长(2 253±381.66)mm。

The signs and internal organs anatomy of Manis pentadactyla were observed.The results showed Manis pentadactyla weight was（2.73 ±0.77） kg,body length was（805 ±74.61） mm,tail long（356± 39.27） mm.The body is long and narrow,head of a cone,kiss end point,small ears,ears long is（11±1.17） mm,toothless,slender retractable tongue.Its fail is flat,and a little uplift on back.Head,neck,back,body side,tail and the limbs are arranged in the shape of imbrication cutin flake.Its surface color is a dark brown or shallow brown or two colors coexistence along with different origin.The scales have markings bristles.Mandible,chest,abdomen,tail base and limbs of the medial have rare hair but not flake.The liver is not big,liver ant eater detoxify weak,the immune system is weak,belongs to simple stomach,and the stomach with a cutin film,the mucous membrane of the place with the glands have many in ＂s＂ fonts,borrow swallowed up rates when the little sand into the stomach will food grinding.Manis pentadactyla′s small intestinal is smooth surface,which′s average length is（2 253±381.66） mm.