基于FPGA的QRS波群检测方案设计与实现

Design and implementation of QRS complex detection based on FPGA

根据小波变换的多分辨率和突出信号奇异点的特性,将小波变换应用到心电信号的自动检测中,设计并实现了基于FPGA的QRS波群检测方案.采用Mallat算法对心电信号进行4级分解,并在3,4级尺度上使用自适应阈值完成极值对的检测,确定了R波的位置.采用医学相关理论对检测结果进行优化,进一步去除错检点,补偿漏检点.提出了在FPGA上实现本方案的方法,采用VHDL编程在Altera公司的CycloneII芯片上实现,并用MIT-BIH数据库进行了验证.实验结果表明,本方案检测精度较高,避免了心律失常较为严重时发生的错检情况.

Because it has the feature of multi-resolution and can outstand the signals＇ singular points, the wavelet transform is applied to the electrocardiogram （ECG） auto-detection, and the QRS complex detection scheme is designed and implemented based on the Field Programmable Gate Array （FPGA）. First, the ECG signals are decomposed in to 4 levels using wavelet with Mallat algorithm, which is a kind of fast wavelet transform. And then, the extreme points pares are detected at level 3 and 4 using the adaptive threshold, so the position of R-wave is located. At last the detection result is optimized according to the medicine theory, the wrong points are removed and the undetected points are made up. The implementation method of this scheme based on FPGA is proposed and achieved on Cyclone II FPGA of Altera Company through VHDL programming. The MIT-BIH ECG database are used for the verification experiments, the results show that the scheme has high detection precision, and the miss detection is avoided with severe arrhythmia signals.