蓝莓开花结实生物学特性研究

Study on Biological Characteristics of Flowering and Fruiting of Vaccinium uliginosum

通过对4个蓝莓品种开花结实生物学特性的研究,结果表明,花期在13～20d,时间在3月中下旬至4月上旬之间。果实生长发育有2个高峰期。海岸的平均单果重最大,高达2.55g;蓝雨最小,只有海岸的50%。蓝雨果实可溶性总糖最高,达到21.43%,分别高于奥尼尔、夏普蓝、海岸29.4%、25.0%、20.0%。蓝雨、海岸两品种花青素含量较高,分别达到1.699mg/g、1.681mg/g,比奥尼尔、夏普蓝高21.7%～68.8%,是提取花青素的优良品种。

The biological characteristics of flowering and fruiting of 4 varieties of Vaccinium uliginosum were studied. The results showed that the flowering period was 13 to 20 days, from middle March to early April. There were 2 peaks in the fruit growth and development. The variety Gulfcoast had the highest average single fruit weight（2.55 g）, and Bluerain had the lowest, only half the weight of Gulfcoast. Among the 4 varieties, Bluerain had the highest fruit total soluble saccharide content of 21.43%, higher than that of O＇ Neal, Sharpblue, and Gulfcoast, by 29.4% ,25.0% and 20.0% respectively. Bluerain and Gulfcoast had high anthocyanin contents, 1.699 mg/g and 1.681 mg/g respectively, 21.7%and 68.8% higher than those in O＇Neal and Sharpblue. Bluerain and Gulfcoast were fine varieties for extraction of anlhocyanin.