滨海盐碱地微区改土系统刍议

Proposal on Microarea Soil Improving System in Coastal Saline Region

针对滨海盐碱地地下水埋深浅、矿化度高,以及当前盐碱地绿化中广泛存在的客土费用高、破坏农田、土壤返盐性大等问题,提出了用塑料膜阻断土壤水盐运移,形成滨海盐碱地微区改土系统。该系统是一个相对独立封闭、有完整排水的系统,其规模可大可小,可灵活地进行建设和管理;不需要客土,少用或不用客水,可依靠自然降水进行脱盐和农业生产;排水量和排水费用极小;利用系统非耕作区地面高于耕作区地面的微地形,加蓄水池调节,可实现雨水资源的高效利用。初步分析表明,用于盐碱地绿化,其造价不足现有方法的1/3,用于设施农业种植,一年可收回成本。该系统是一些较为成熟技术的集成,技术上可行,具有广泛的应用前景。

According to the problems in coastal saline region, such as shallow groundwater depth and high water salinity, high cost of the replacement soil, damage to farmland and accumulation of salt in the surface soil in a .fforest process, the method using plastic to cut offsoil water and salt dynamic was proposed in this paper. And then, the microarea improving soil system in coastal saline region was developed. This closed system is relatively independent and with complete drainage. This system with changeable scale can be flexibly constructed and managed. Replacement soil and water were needed in the system with small discharge and low drainage cost, rain water can satisfy desalination and agricultural production. Using microrelief, whose noncroparea ground is higher than farming area, the tank adjustment can realize the efficient utilization of rain water. Preliminary analyses show that the cost was not 1/3 enough of existing method for afforest in saline soil. It can pay for itself in one year for facility agriculture. This system was an integration of some mature technology. It is feasible in technology and has a wide application prosoect.