人工髋关节置换术后并发症及其防范

Analysis on postoperative complications and precautionary measure of artificial hip replacement

目的 分析人工髋关节置换术的术后并发症并探讨相应的防范对策。方法 随访近10年来笔者所在医院人工髋关节置换术病例112例,观察术后并发症的发生率及类型并分析其原因,探讨相应的防范对策。结果 随访患者中有28例出现了并发症。其中感染3例,髋关节脱位2例,下肢深静脉血栓形成和肺栓塞12例,股骨假体周围骨折4例,疼痛17例,假体无菌性松动6例,神经损伤1例。部分患者合并2种及以上并发症。结论 人工髋关节置换术存在很多并发症,其中不乏人为失误造成,术前、术中、术后预防治疗措施可以有效减少并发症的发生。

Objective To analyse the postoperative complications of artificial hip replacement and to discuss the precautionary measure. Methods One hiandred twelve cases after artificial hip replacement were followed up within 10 years of writer＇s hospital. Results Among them,28 cases had complications ,infection in 3 cases ,dislocation of the hip in 2 cases, lower extremity deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism in 12 cases, periprosthetic fractures in 4 cases, pain in 17 cases, loosening of prosthesis in 6 cases, nerve injury 2 cases. Some patients with two or more complications. Conclusion There are many complications in artificial hip replacement, some are related to the skill of operation. Treatment measure by preoperative, period of operation, postoperative prevention can effectively reduce the incidence of complications.