江蓠新品种培育

CULTIVATON OF THE NEW SPECIES OF GRACILARIA

目前我国人工栽培江蓠分为两种主要方式:一是在半咸淡水塘中地播栽培细基江蓠繁枝变种,种苗容易解决,栽培方法简单,产量较高,但琼胶含量低;另一种是在浅滩上用浮筏式夹苗栽培真江蓠、细基江蓠、龙须菜等,培养种苗较麻烦,且产量较低,成本也较高,但琼胶含量高,质量也较好。为取两者的优点,我们把细基江蓠繁枝变种和细基江篱进行杂交,得出了杂交种。实验室培养结果表明,杂交种的琼胶含量介于两者之间,能在半咸淡水中正常生长。初步认为是一个适合于半咸淡水塘中栽培的优良品种,很有发展前途。

The main methods used for artificial cultivation of Gracilaria in China are classified intotwo.One is the scattering of the seedlings of G.tenuistipitata var.liui in the berackishPond.This species is a perenaial seaweed which reproduces by vegetative propagationof the buds,so the seedlinge are easy to be obtained.The cultivation method of this sea-weed is simple,it can be harvested several times a year.the yield is high,but its agarcontent is low.The other is the sandwiching of seedlings to the line on the raft.Thismethod is suit for those spgecies which reproduce by spore propagation,such as G.asiatica,G.tenuistipitata,G.sjoestedtii,etc.They are annual seaweeds.the cutivation of seeisnot easy,and their yield is low,but the agar content and quality is high.We took the advantages of the two categories and made a cross breeding experimentin the laboratory.The result showed that the agar content of the crossdbreeb is 8—13%higher than the G.temnuistipitata var.liui and 10-12% lower than the G.temnuistipitala.The tetrasporangiums were found commonly on the autogamy of the GG.tenuistipitata,butthey were almost not found on the G.tenuistipitata var.liui.The salinity required for gr-owth was 15-17%,which was the same as required by G.tenuistpitata var liui.The preli-iminary conclusion is that the crossbreed can be cultivated in brackish water by vegetative.propagation,and it is a hopeful new species.