干鲜两用型辣椒新品种皖椒18的选育·特征特性·栽培要点

Breeding,Characteristics and Cultivation Techniques of New Hot Pepper(Capsicum annuum)Varieties Eating as Fresh and Dry Fruits

[目的]为辣椒(Capsicum annuum)新品种皖椒18的推广种植提供理论依据。[方法]通过比较皖椒18和对照品种的产量、品质和抗病性等指标,探讨了皖椒18的生产潜力和推广价值。[结果]皖椒18中早熟;果实羊角形,果长17～20 cm、果肩1.6～1.8 cm;鲜椒单果重20～25 g,干椒单果重3.0～4.5 g;果面光滑,果指10.9,肉厚0.23 cm,心室数2～3个;嫩果颜色深绿,干椒暗红、光亮。皖椒18持续坐果力强,一般单产3万kg/hm2以上,显著高于对照8819。皖椒18干物质、粗脂肪、粗纤维和总糖含量均低于对照湘辣2号,但红色素色价及VC、辣椒素含量均高于对照湘辣2号,总体品质优于对照。皖椒18抗病毒病,高抗炭疽病、疫病和青枯病,抗病性强。[结论]皖椒18熟期早、产量高、米质优,是绿椒、红椒和加工干椒多用型品种,适宜在安徽、湖南、江苏和云南等地种植,具有较好的推广应用前景。

[Objective] The purpose was to supply a theoretical basis for the popularization and cultivation ol new hot pepper variety WanjiaolS. [ Method ] Through comparing the yield, quality and disease resistance indices of Wanjiao18 with control, the production potential and populariza- tion value of Wanjiao18 were discussed. [ Result] The mid -early maturity hot pepper hybrid Wanjiao18 has conical fruit with smooth skin; Its fruit length is 17 - 20 cm, fruit shoulder is 1.6 - 1.8 cm ; Its fresh weight per fruit is 20 - 25 g, and dry weight per fruit is 3.0 - 4.5 g; Its fruit shape index is 10.9, thickness is O. 23 cm, ventricle number is 2- 3 ; Its fresh fruit is dark green, and dry fruit is dull - red and bright. Wan- jiaol8 has strong continuous fruit -setting ability,and yield is over 3 x 104 kg/hm2 in general,is significant higher than that of control 8819; Its dry matter content,crude fat content,crude fibre content and total sugar content are all lower than those of control Xiangla2hao,but the red pig- ment value, VC content and capsaicine content are all higher that those of control Xiangla2hao; As a whole,its quality is superior to control Xian- gla2hao. Wanjiaol8 is resistant to virus disease, and is high resistant to anthracnose, phytophthora disease and bacterial wilt, so has strong disease resistance. [ Conclusion ] Wanjiaol8 has characteristics of early maturity, good quality and high yield,is a multiple usages variety as green pepper, red pepper and producing into dry pepper, and is suitable for growing in Anhui, Flunan ,Jiangsu and Yunnan and so on ,has a good and application future, popularization.