植物化感作用在草地生态系统中的研究进展

Research Advance on Allelopathy of Plant in Grassland Ecosystem

植物的化感作用(allelopathy)是植物化学生态学研究的热点之一。在生态系统中化感植物通过淋溶、挥发、残体分解和根系分泌等过程,释放出化学物质,引起植物种间或种内的相互作用,产生有害或有利的影响。化感作用影响着群落的植物组成及分布格局、群落的演替、种子的保存和萌发以及氮循环等。主要对草地植物的化感物质种类、化感物质作用特点、释放途径、影响化感物质产生的因素以及化感物质提取方法进行了归纳和总结。同时,提出了草地植物化感研究存在的科学问题和应用前景。

Allelopathy of plant becomes one of hot topics in the field of plant chemical ecosystem. Chemical substances are released in environment via some processes, such as leaching, volatilization, residue decomposition and root exudation, producing interactions between plant species or in one species, which are positive or negative on surrounding plants and microorganisms. Allelopathy actions affect the community composition, distribution pattern, succession, the preservation and germination of seeds and the process of nitrogen circulation. The study mainly focused on the types, function characteristics, release ways, extract methods of allelochemical as well as the influence factors of production. It also proposed some scientific problems and aoolication orosnect in studv on alleh^nathv of ~rrn^l^nrl nl^nt