利用富集因子分析郑州市近地层大气气溶胶中元素组成对环境的影响

Analysis on Impact of Element in Atmospheric Aerosol of Surface Layer in Zhengzhou City on Environment by Use of Enrichment Factor Method

[目的]研究近地层大气气溶胶中元素对环境的影响。[方法]采集了郑州市5个近地面1.5～2 m和60～80 m处气溶胶中的PM10,测定了其中的Ag、Al、As、Ba、Be、Bi、Ca、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Fe、Pb、Sb等26种化学元素,探讨了不同高度气溶胶中元素分布规律和部分污染物的来源,并用富集因子法分析气溶胶中的元素。[结果]2005年8～10月气象条件下,1.5 m和60 m高度的PM10中各常见元素浓度随高度发生变化。60 m处的As、Cd、K、Pb、Sb、Se、Sn、Tl、Zn等微量元素的浓度高于1.5 m处,而Al、Ca、Co、Cu、Fe、Mg、Na、Ni、Ti等元素的浓度则基本无变化。Cd和Ni等元素随高度变化无规律。富集因子分析表明,As、Cd、Cu、Mo、Pb、Sn的富集因子很高,K、Na、Ca、Mg的富集因子则不高。[结论]该研究为大气环境研究提供参考。

[Objective] The study aimed to research the impact of the elements in the atmospheric aerosol of the surface layer in Zhengzhou City on the environment.[Method] The PM10 in the aerosol were collected from five surface layers at the height of 1.5 m and 60 m in Zhengzhou City,in which,26 kinds of the chemical elements such as Ag,Al,As,Ba,Be,Bi,Ca,Cd,Co,Cr,Cu,Fe,Pb and Sb were determined,the element distribution rule in the aerosol at the different height and the sources of part pollutants were discussed,and the elements in aerosol were discussed by using the enrichment factor method.[Result] Under the weather conditions from August to October in 2005,the concn.of the common elements in the PM10 at the height of 1.5 m and 60 m changed with the height.The concn.of the trace elements such as As,Cd,K,Pb,Sb,Se,Sn,Tl and Zn in the PM10 at the height of 60 m were higher than that in the PM10 at the height of 1.5 m and the concn.of the elements such as Al,Ca,Co,Cu,Fe,Mg,Na,Ni and Ti had no change basically.The enrichment factor analysis showed that the enrichment factors of As,Cd,Cu,Mo,Pb and Sn were very high and that of K,Na,Ca and Mg were not high.[Conclusion] The study provided the reference for the atmospheric environment science.