柳州市城乡中小学生伤害现状比较分析

Comparative study on injuries in primary and secondary school students in Liuzhou

目的分析柳州市市区与乡村中小学生伤害的种类、原因、地点、学段、性别分布及其城乡差异,为开展伤害预防提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法于2007年11月对柳州市18所中小学校3600人进行问卷调查。结果市区伤害发生率为12.34%,低于乡村的36.79%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=265.91,Р<0.01)。伤害类型顺位市区前四位为跌伤>碰伤>交通伤>动物咬伤;乡村学生前四位为跌伤>碰伤>刀割伤>交通伤。伤害原因市区学生前三位为玩耍(31.72%)、课间或课外活动(13.81%)、体育课(10.82%);乡村学生前三位为玩耍(24.94%)、做家务(12.47%)和体育课(12.47%)。结论可根据受教育对象的学习阶段、性别、城乡差异等特点,以及目标人群中最易发生的与伤害相关的危险行为,制定针对性预防措施。

Objective To investigate the prevalence of injuries among primary and secondary school students and its risk factors including types,causes,location, school and the gender distribution of urban-rural differences, and provide foundation for developing interventions. Methods In 18 schools of Liuzhou, 3 600 students were selected by stratified cluster sampling method in November 2007. Their injury prevalence in the past year was surveyed with questionnaires. Results The overall incidence was 12.34% for urban students, lower than the rural 36.79% （χ2=265.91,Р0.01）. The first four types of the injury among students in urban included： falling, bumping, traffic related injuries and animal biting, and the leading causes were playing （31.72%）, classes and extracurricular activities （13.81%）, and physical education （10.82%）. The first four types of the injury among students in rural included： falling,bumping,knife-cutting and traffic related injuries, and the leading causes were playing （24.94%）,housework （12.47%） and physical education （12.47%）. Conclusion Based on the differences of course,gender,urban and rural among the students, preventive measures was developed to prevent injury-related risk behaviors in target population.