广州市布鲁氏菌病聚集性疫情分析

Analysis of epidemic outbreak of brucellosis in Guangzhou

目的分析广州市人间布鲁氏菌病(简称布病)聚集性疫情,了解布病疫情的流行特点及危险因素,为制定防治策略提供依据。方法采用现况流行病学调查方法,对广州市牲畜交易市场聚集性疫情进行分析。分别采用虎红平板凝集试验(RBPT)、试管凝集试验(SAT)进行初筛和确诊血清学检测。结果共检测241人,37人感染布氏菌,其中27人为确诊病例,10人为隐性感染者,未发现危重和死亡病例;布病感染者以慢性起病,其中发热、乏力占81.08%,肌肉关节酸疼占67.57%;接触羊是布病疫情的主要危险因素,几乎所有感染者都曾接触过羊(35例);同时从事动物销售、屠宰、运输等工种的感染率明显高于其他人员,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论广州市布病疫情不断上升,职业人群是布病防控的重点,应加强布病知识的宣传教育以及动物检验检疫。

Objective To analyze of epidemic outbreak of human brucellosis in Guangzhou, and provide basis for making prevention and treatment strategies. Methods Cluster sampling method was used to investigate all employees in Guangzhou Livestock Market. Serological antibodies were detected by Rose Bengal Plate Test（RBPT） and Tube Agglutination Test （SAT）. Results 241 individuals were tested and 37 showed brucellosis infection,of which 27 cases were confirmed, and 10 were latent infection. A major risk factor of brucellosis was exposure to sheep,with almost all the infected persons contacted sheep. Sales and slaughter personnel had a significantly higher probability of infection then others （P〈0.01）. Conclusions When brucellosis became epidemic, animal practitioners were the most high risk group of infection. We should strengthen publicity and education on brucellosis and animal quarantine.