杜仲叶林枝木醋液化学成分及抑菌活性研究

Chemical Constituents Analysis and Antimicrobial Activities of Pyroligneous Acid of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.Branch

以杜仲叶林枝木为原料,采用干馏法,分90℃~200℃、200℃~340℃和340℃~520℃共3个温度段收集杜仲叶林枝木粗木醋液,经过静置、活性炭粉吸附焦油处理等过程得到精制木醋液,然后对所得木醋液的理化性质和抑菌活性进行了研究,并对抑菌活性最强的木醋液的化学成分进行了GC/MS分析。结果表明：（1）杜仲叶林枝木醋液产生的温度范围为90℃~520℃,其中200℃~340℃段产量最大、pH值最低、有机酸含量最高、抑菌能力也最强。（2）GC/MS分析表明,温度段为200℃~340℃的木醋液中约含有42种化合物,主要为酚类、酸类、酮类和醛类等,其中酚类化合物含量最高,占总量的46.81%,其次为有机酸类物质。初步分析确定木醋液抑菌活性成分为酚类物质。

Eucommia ulmoides Oliv.branch was pyrolyzed to prepare wood vinegar.Wood vinegars of E.ulmoides Oliv.branch collected at different temperature ranges,i.e.,90℃～200℃,200℃～340℃ and 340℃～520℃ were obtained,then refined by standing,adsorptions and filtration.The wood vinegar was studied in term of the antibacterial activity,physical characters and the chemical components.Chemical constituents of the wood vinegar showing the strongest antimicrobial activities were analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry（GC-MS）.The results showed that the temperature range of preparing wood vinegar by using E.ulmoides Oliv.branch was 90℃～520℃;the maximum amount of the wood vinegar was collected at the range of 200℃～340℃,which also showed the strongest anti-pathogens activities,the minimum pH and the highest organic acid content.42 compounds were found by GC-MS analysis from the wood vinegar collected at the temperature range of 200℃～340℃,mainly phenols,organic acids,ketones and aldehydes etc.Among all the components examined,the content of phenols was the highest（46.81%）,next the organic acids.After the preliminary analysis,it was considered that phenols were the active components of bacteriostasis activity.