穴位刺激对男子场地自行车运动员赛前T淋巴细胞亚群、NK细胞的调控

Acupoint Stimulation Regulates the T-lymphocyte Subsets and NK% of Male Cyclists before Competition

目的:研究中医穴位刺激对自行车运动员赛前免疫力的影响,探寻提高自行车运动员大赛前的机体免疫机能的方法。方法:中国场地自行车队男子运动员12名。在运动员刚结束上一阶段调整,正进入大负荷训练期时,第1次取血,采用流式细胞仪测试运动员免疫指标CD3+%、CD4+%、CD8+%、CD4+/CD8+、NK%,作为基础数据。大负荷训练5个月后,进入赛前阶段进行第2次测试。将运动员按运动水平分成国际健将和健将两类,随机从国际健将中选4名、从健将中选2名作为刺激组,其余4名国际健将和2名健将为对照组。两组运动员上述各指标无显著性差异。随后,刺激组运动员进行10天表面电极穴位刺激(取单侧足三里穴、三阴交穴,次日左右腿交换),每天1次,每次20分钟,共10次。对照组采用同样仪器进行相同时间的表面电极贴附,但不开电源。实验过程中,两组的组织形式、生活起居、训练负荷、恢复方式等均相同,两组运动员均采用了常规恢复性训练和手段,如按摩、水浴、理疗等。10天后两组进行第3次测试,测试血液T淋巴细胞CD3+%、CD4+%、CD8+%、CD4+/CD8+、NK%。结果:大负荷训练后,两组运动员赛前阶段CD4+/CD8+比值显著降低,从(1.85±0.54)降至(1.49±0.40)(P<0.05),NK%也显著降低,从(24.45±8.14)%降至(12.83±6.28)%(P<0.05)。第3次测试,刺激组T淋巴细胞CD3+%、CD4+%、CD8+%、CD4+/CD8+、NK%与第2次测试相比无显著降低;而对照组运动员CD4+/CD8+比大负荷训练后进一步降低,从(1.51±0.33)降至(1.29±0.22)(P<0.05)。结论:自行车运动员大负荷训练后,机体免疫功能一定程度出现了抑制。穴位刺激对自行车运动员大负荷运动后的T淋巴细胞免疫系统功能有积极影响。

Objective To study the effect of acupoint stimulation on the immunity of cyclists before the competition.Methods CD3＋%,CD4＋%,CD8＋%,CD4＋/CD8＋,and NK% of 12 athletes from National Field Bicycle Team before the beginning of their intensive training were tested and used as baseline.The same test was performed after 5-month intensive training before the competition.The cyclists were divided randomly and equally into two groups：stimulation group and control group.There were no significant differences in the results of the testing before the experiment between the two groups.Cyclists in stimulation group received surface-electrode acupuncture on the Zusanli and Sanyinjiao points of their single lags once a day for 20 minutes.The daily live,training load,and recovery measures for both groups were completely the same,including massage,water bath and physiotherapy.The 3rd test of CD3＋%,CD4＋%,CD8＋%,CD4＋/CD8＋,and NK% was carried out 10 days later.Results The ratio of CD4＋ /CD8＋ and NK% after 5-month intensive training reduced（from 1.85±0.54 to 1.49±0.40 and from 24.45±8.14% to 12.83±6.28%,respectively）,（both P 0.05）.After 10-day acupoint stimulation,the CD3＋%,CD4＋%,CD8＋%,CD4＋ /CD8＋,and NK% changed insignificantly in stimulation group;whereas the CD4＋ /CD8＋ in control group reduced continuously（from 1.51±0.33 to 1.29±0.22）（P 0.05）.Conclusion Immunity of cyclist usually attenuates after intensive training.Stimulating acupoint can have active effect on the immunity of cyclists before competition.