鸡产蛋不同时期蛋壳元素组成及超微结构的研究

Element Composition and Ultramicrosturture of Eggshell in Different Laying Time of Chicken

采用高分辨率的扫描电镜和X射线能谱仪测定蛋鸡产蛋不同时期蛋壳的元素组成和超微结构,分析了其结构模式,蛋壳从内到外包括壳膜、锥体层、柱状层、表面晶体层、覆盖层五部分。结果表明:随着蛋进入子宫时间的延长,蛋壳厚度越来越大,蛋壳中钙元素的含量越来越多,蛋壳强度的大小可能与钙含量的多少、壳膜层的厚度、壳膜纤维的粗细、锥体层乳头间的空隙大小以及覆盖层上裂隙的深浅和数量有关。

During different laying time of eggshell elements and ultramicrosturtural structure were analyzed by scanning electronmicroscope and X-ray spectrometer.From the inner to the outer shell,the layer are：eggshell membrane,cone layer,column layer,the surface of the crystal layer and cover layer.The results indicated when entering the uterus,the egg has more time extending,the more thick eggshell increasing.The calcium content of eggshell became more and more.The eggshell strength may be related to the calcium content,the thickness of the shell membrane,the thickness fibers of the shell membrane,the size of gap between mammillary and the depth and number of crack in cover layer.