中国陆地木材生物危害等级的区域划分

Biological Hazard Classifications and Hazard Map Development for Terrestrial Applications of Wood in China

根据散白蚁和家白蚁的存在与否,将中国陆地分成无白蚁区、仅有散白蚁区、既有散白蚁又有家白蚁区3个白蚁区域。整合中国腐朽分布图(根据Scheffer气象指数绘制)和白蚁分布区域图,将中国分成四大生物危害区域:区域Ⅰ,低危害区;区域Ⅱ,中等危害区,无白蚁;区域Ⅲ,中等危害区,有散白蚁;区域Ⅳ,严重危害区,既有散白蚁又有家白蚁。木材生物危害区域的划分和相应地图的绘制,既可为建筑设计和施工在提高建筑耐久性、减少不必要浪费的方案设计上提供指南,又可为不同区域采取不同防治白蚁和腐朽危害措施的研究奠定基础。

Four biological hazard zones are proposed for China based on decay hazard and termite hazard.The decay hazards are classified based on the Scheffer Climate Index for exterior aboveground wood elements.The three termite zones are classified based on the presence of Reticulitermes and Coptotermes species：no Reticulitermes or Coptotermes,Reticulitermes species only,both Reticulitermes and Coptotermes species.The four integrated biological zones included：low hazard zone Ⅰ with low decay hazard and no termites,moderate hazard zone Ⅱ with moderate decay hazard but no termites,moderate hazard zone Ⅲ with moderate decay hazard and Reticulitermes,and severe hazard zone Ⅳ with severe decay hazard and both Reticulitermes and Coptotermes.Such a classification aims to pave the way for developing appropriate requirements for wood protection against decay and termites in different regions,and the information can be used by designers and builders as a general guide for designing for certain climate loads and biological hazards to achieve long-term durability.The study also forms background information for further research on how to better protect wood against decay and termites in different areas.