树胶的交联改性及其作为钻井液处理剂的研究

Study of cross-linking modification for SP tree gum and its application as mud additives

为有效提高树胶水溶胶液的黏度和水溶性,以SP树胶为原料,通过环氧氯丙烷交联改性,制备了交联改性的SP-1树胶。DSC曲线表明,SP的相变温度为159℃,SP-1的相变温度为156.17℃,吸收峰向低温方向移动,证明SP与环氧氯丙烷发生交联反应,羟基有所减少。通过正交实验,利用极差分析方法,优化出适宜的交联改性反应条件：反应pH值为10、环氧氯丙烷的用量为56.40 g/100 g、反应温度为50℃。与SP树胶相比,交联改性树胶SP-1具有良好的水溶性,增黏率为116.7%,降滤失率为30%;相比于基浆,SP-1的增黏率为160%,降滤失率为53.2%。经SP-1处理的水基钻井液在30~120℃范围内流变性能稳定,API滤失量保持15 mL以下。泥球实验表明,泥球在SP-1水溶胶液中能够长时间稳定存在。

To improve the water solubility and viscosity of tree gum（SP） solution,a new material（SP-1） was developed with SP tree gum as main agent and epichlorohydrin as crosslinker.It was analyzed by the means of DSC curves which showed the phase transformation temperature of SP and SP-1 appeared at 159 ℃ and 156.17 ℃ respectively,indicating the decrease of the hydroxyl amount of SP-1 from that of SP.The optimum reaction conditions were determined by the orthogonally designed experiment and the error analysis.The optimal conditions were found as follows,the mass ratio of the crosslinking agent to SP as 56.40 g/100 g,the pH as 10 and the temperature as 50 ℃.The experiment results showed that comparing to SP,SP-1 have better water solubility,with the viscosity enhancing ratio as 116.7% and the filtration reduction ratio as 30%.While in drilling fluids,the viscosity enhancing ratio of SP-1 was 160% and the filtration reduction ratio was 53.2%.When the aging temperature range between 30 ℃ and 120 ℃,the temperature had a slight effect on rheological properties of SP-1 based drilling fluids,and the API reduction kept below 15 mL.The mud ball immersing experiment results show that SP-1 has an excellent inhibitive to hydration and swell of the mud and shale.