高倍聚光太阳模拟器的设计

Design of high-flux solar simulator

研究了一种高倍聚光、高均匀性太阳模拟器,它主要由短弧氙灯、椭球聚光镜、高速快门和积分器构成,辐射功率超过5 kW,辐射峰值超过1 800个太阳常数(标准AM1.5∶1太阳常数=1 kW/m2)。介绍了该模拟器的光学设计,主要工程特点和仿真结果。应用蒙特卡洛光线追迹技术优化几何配置,以使光源到目标面的辐射能量转换效率最大化。仿真结果显示:在直径20 mm的圆形目标区域其平均辐射超过1 000 kW/m2,相应的辐照不均匀度小于6%。利用该装置模拟了高倍聚光太阳系统的辐射特性,为研究高效率太阳能电池的热化学过程和测试先进的高温材料提供了实验平台。

A high-flux solar simulator capable of delivering a radiative power over 5 kW at peak radiative fluxes exceeding 1 800 suns（AM1.5∶ 1 sun=1 kW/m2） is studied in this paper.It comprises an array of ten Xe arcs,and each of them is coupled closely with ellipsoidal specular reflectors of common focus.Its optical design,main engineering features,and operating performance are described.The Monte Carlo ray-tracing technique is applied to optimization of the geometrical configuration for maximizing the source-to-target transfer efficiency of radiative power.Calorimeter measurements indicate an average flux over 1 000 kW/m2 at a circular target with 20 mm diameter,which corresponds to radiation uniformity of below 6%.This research facility is used to simulate the radiation characteristics of highly concentrating solar systems and serves as an experimental platform for investigating the thermo chemical processing of solar fuels and for testing advanced high-temperature materials.