大丰麇鹿国家级自然保护区鸟类多样性

Avian Diversity in Dafeng Milu National Natural Reserve

2010年1～12月,采用样线法对江苏大丰麋鹿国家级自然保护区内7种不同生境的鸟类进行了调查。结果如下:共记录到鸟类150种,分属16目43科,其中水鸟56种,分属7目12科。以密度划分鸟类优势种类,优势种21种,常见种53种,稀有种76种。鸟类的区系以广布种为主,占鸟类总数的48.67%,其次为古北界鸟类45种,占30%,东洋界鸟类32种,占21.33%。国家Ⅰ、Ⅱ级保护鸟类14种,占鸟类总数的9.33%。5月和9月鸟类的种类和数量分别出现峰值,为鸟类迁徙的重要时期。不同生境鸟类多样性比较:阔叶林生境最高,为3.488,其次为荒地、狼尾草、白茅、农田、互花米草,多样性分别为3.293、3.185、3.184、3.030和2.857,鱼塘生境最低为2.679。不同季节鸟类多样性比较:春季最高,为3.711,其次为秋季、夏季,多样性分别为3.538和3.381,冬季最低为3.043。

We investigated avian diversity in Dafeng Milu National Nature Reserve using the line transect method from January to December 2010. We recorded 150 species birds of 16 orders and 43 families. Waterbirds accounted for 56 species of 7 orders and 12 families. Based on bird density, the number of dominant species was 21, 53 species were common, and 76 species were rare. Most recorded species are widely distributed globally （49%） , 30% are Palaearctic, and 21% are Oriental. The number of first - grade and second - grade Chinese National Key Protected Wild Animal Species was 14, accounting for 9% of all recorded species. May and September were important seasons for bird migration when the numbers of species and individuals both showed peaks. Species diversity was highest in broad - leaf at 3.488. Species diversity was 3.293, 3. 185, 3.184, 3. 030, 2. 857 and 2. 679 in wasteland, pennisetum, imperata, farmland, spartina, and fish ponds, respectively. Species diversity for all sampled habitats was 3.711 in spring, followed by autumn （3.538）, summer （3. 381） and winter （3.043）.