摘要
野生动物的移地保护和保护教育是现代动物园的主要功能,兽医在保障野生动物健康方面承担着重要的使命。动物园兽医在本质上是医学的一个特殊分枝,由于野生动物及其疾病种类的复杂性和个人精力、能力的局限性,动物园兽医的职业化和专业化是提高野生动物健康保障能力的根本出路;应激因素对圈养动物的健康造成很大的威胁,而适度驯化则可以最大限度地减少应激的发生;在国内建立区域动物园兽医服务网络、建立兽医行业内部信息交流平台是提高动物园兽医行业整体水平的基本思路;正确的疾病诊断和规范的处方,以及全面关注动物的基本需求、积极主动的疾病防疫等在兽医日常工作中占有同等重要的地位。由于兽医掌握了动物发病和死亡的第一手资料,动物园应当为兽医参与动物管理提供条件。
Ex - situ conservation and conservation education are the main functions of a modern zoo. Veterinary medicine plays an important role in the health of wildlife held captive in zoos. Veterinary medicine in zoos is a special branch of medical science. Facing the limitations imposed by the capability and energy of veterinarians and the complexity of wildlife diseases, the fundamental way to guarantee the health of wild animals is to professionalize and specialize veterinarians in zoos. Stress is a threat to the health of captive animals and can be minimized by appropriate domestication. Establishing a regional zoo veterinary service network and information exchange among veterinarians are two basic methods for improving the professionalism of zoo veterinarians. Equally importance are accurate diagnosis, standardized prescriptions, awareness of animal needs, and pro - active epidemic prevention. Zoos should provide opportunities for veterinarians to become involved in the management of animals because veterinarians have firsthand knowledge of causes of mortality and the health conditions of animals.
