北柴胡不同类型农艺性状比较与品质分析

Agronomic Traits and Quality Characters of Different Types of Bupleurum chinense

针对北柴胡新类型主要农艺性状及品质性状进行比较,调查各类型株高、茎径、叶长、叶宽、叶长宽比、根径、根长、根质量等主要农艺性状;分析单根干质量、柴胡皂苷质量分数、单根柴胡皂苷收量的动态变化。结果表明:各类型间主要性状差异显著。CY(长叶型)株型较高,叶最长;KY(宽叶型)叶宽明显;CY和KY单根干质量、柴胡皂苷收量高;ZY(中间型)茎径和根径最小,柴胡皂苷质量分数高。北柴胡表型变异引起药材化学成分变化,可通过筛选优良变异类型,有针对性地培育优良北柴胡栽培品种。

A survey was conducted on plant height, stem diameter, leaf length, leaf width, length-width ratio, root diameter, root length, root weight, etc. to provide a scientific basis for fine variety breeding of Bupleurum chinense. The main agronomic traits and quality characters were compared between three new types of B. chinense （CY, KY, and ZY）. The dynamic changes in dry weight of single root, content of saikosaponin and yield of saikosaponin in single root were also analyzed. Results show that there are significant differences in main traits between different types of B. chinense. B. chinense of type CY is higher and has the longest leaves; that of type KY has the broadest leaves; those of types CY and KY have higher dry weight of single root and yield of saikosaponin; that of type ZY has the shortest stem diameter and root diameter, but it has a higher content of saikosaponin. Phenotypic variation of B. chinense may result in a change in chemical composition; therefore, fine variety of B. chinense can be grown by means of screening fine mutant types.